Improvement in the construction of compound blow-pipes



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEa d'. BURROVS HYDE, OE NEW'ARK, NEW JERSEY.

`IMPROVEMENT lN THE CONSTRUCTION 0F COMPOUND BLOW-PIPES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 25,832, dated October 18, 1959.

To @ZZ whom t may concern-.-

Be it known that I, J. BUERows HYDE, of

' the city of Newark, county of Essex, and Statey of New Jersey, have invented certain new andY useful Improvements in the Employment of Gas for Soldering and Heating Purposes; and I do declare the following to be a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the letters, accompanying drawings, and model herewith.

The nature of my invention consists in the employment of infjammable gas for soldering, heating, Ste., by means of two distinct tubes placed one within the other, the inner tube being slightly less in diameter than the inner diameter of the outer tube, so that the gas may How through one tube while atmospheric air is blown through the other. The outer tube, which should be about three feet in length, is attached to the conducting gas-pipe, while the inner tube, being about tive feet in length, passes through the side and into the outer tube nearits base end, thetube being drawn through until the end of the two tubes nearly coincide in length,while the outer end of the small tube terminates with a convenient mouth-piece.

The working ends of the tubes have attached thereto a compound blow pipe or nozzle soy made that the one nozzle or cone shallbe fixed firmly within an outer one. Theinner nozzle (which I prefer should be for the air) shall be slightly smaller and about one-fourth ot' an inch shorter at the outer end than the outer end of the outside nozzle. The ordinary pressure from gas works for illuminating-gas being about one and o'nehalf inch ot water, the pressure in the air-tube should be slightly greater,or about two inches of water. The air being in the inner tube will with the outer atmospheric air give a double medium of combustion and form a long stream of blue flame resembling hydrogen gas in combustion, entirely decomposing the carbon gas and afford a most intense heat. If the gas is in the inner tube and the air in the outer, the etlect is not so good for a sharp flame.

In the ordinary use of gas with a blow-pipe a gas-burner is employed, the operator usually holding his work in one hand and the blow-pipe in the other to direct the flame, while his lips grasp the outer end of the blowpipe, by which rigid and cramped position no freedom of action is permitted, and but a portion ofthe flame from the gas-burner can be concentrated on the work; hence it is wasted, while the workman inhales carbonicacid gas from the burner. With my arrangement great freedom of the hands and eyes is allowed, a great saving of gas is realized, a far more intense and steadily concentrated dame is ob` tained than can be realized with a mouth blowpipe, and the plan possesses convenience and economyin every respect over common modes, particularly in the adaptation of various, nozzles,according to the convenience and requirement of trades. l

The tubes should be elastic, and if properly made of caoutchouc are preferable; and if the inner tube be used for the air to be supplied by the mouth it is well,to employa bulb some four or more diameters of the tube and two or three inches long, to be placed near the base Vend of the tube. This will insure a more steady flame than can be done with .the mouth without it. The blowing or mouth piece should be convenient for the lips; but this may be dispensed with altogether and the blowing be performed by an air-vessel, the air being brought to the working-bench in pipcs,the same as the pipes for the gas,and alongside with them, so that a union branch may be employed, and to which the blow-pipe tube is permanently ixed. For this I prefer to employ an inverted cylindrical vessel dipping into water,like an ordinary gasholder. The top of this vessel I provide with an air-valve opening inward, and to the center of the top of the vessel I attach a cord or chain working over a sheave directly above it. By pulling upon this cord the valve will be depressed and the top of the vessel at the same time raised from the surface ofthe water and filled with air, when on releasing the cord the valve will close from the pressure of the air within the vessel, it being properly weighted, and which pressure being imparted to the air in the pipes with which it is converted by the ordinary means or with gas-holders, it follows that this pressure may be regulated at will as may be required. This plan will be found particularl y useful wherea number of men are employed, or when a large amount of heat is required, as over large surfaces simultaneously.

If a concentrated and intense llame is required, the air should be passed through the inner tube, but if not the gas may bein the inner tube. Nozzles should be employed with large orsmall outlets,round orliat,wide or narrow,according to the work, and for many trades a disk-like burner with numerous orifices, so as to throw a series ofjets olilame in a line with or at any angle with the line of the tube to heat a large surface si multaneously. Hydrogen gas has been employed by being mixed with air, and thus combined been blown through a .single elastic tube,escaping by a single nozzle, and carbureted-liydrogen gas has been used by being mixed within the conducting-tube with atmospheric air and escaping by a common outlet. In both these cases great pressure of air is necessary and a widely-diffused llame with ragged outline obtained, whereas by the plan herein described the gas and air come in contact at the outlet of the nozzle and form a steady, sharp, and smoothly marked air-cone within the dame with a correspondingly regularly-dened and dense iiamc, as required by jewelers and others from mouth blowpipes.

Instead of either hydrogen gas or commercial gas Iprefer to employ the gas from peat for this apparatus.. It holding a larger proportion of hydrogen than the latter is superior for soldering,and I recommend it in all cases,'particularly when parties distill them over gas forsuch uses.

In the drawings, Figure I shows the apparatus partly cut ott' and partly in section. Fig. II shows in section the means for combining the tubes at the base end. Fig. III shows the compound nozzle Y in section, and Fig. IV shows the same in transverse section.

The letters in the several figures represent like parts of the apparatus.

a a is the connection at the base end for the air-tube, the inner tube attached at d,- b b, the connection for the gaspipe,'the elastic tube being attached at c. The gas and the air may be reversed in these pipes, but to a disadvantage. When an airvessel is employed, these branches a and b should be permanently secured to the two conducting-pipes for the air and the gas, and each branch should be provided with stopcocks convenient to the hand of the workman; but if the mouth is used a cock for the gas only is needed. This tube Z is attached to a, as hereinafter set forth. v

e c show the outer tube, partly in section, showing the inner tube,ff, partly in section.

g g show the outer nozzle to which the outer tube is attached at l1..

7c shows the inner nozzle with an extended base, on the outer end of which the inner tube is attached, all these elastic tubes being kept in place by their elasticity.

i z show radial plates insection at Fig. IV and plan in Fig. III, by which the inner nozzle is suspended and secured within the outer one.

l Z show the mouth air-tube, to be attached to a at Z, and m shows the pressure-bulb, and n the mouth-piece.

This apparatus may be used if the gas branch be attached to acommon gasburner, using the mouth for the air, as before stated; but it is far better, wherever it can be done, to have it permanently fixed to gas and air pipes secured against a wall by screwing the branches a and b thereto and using the air-vessel, as set forth.

What I claim in the employment of gas and air for soldering and heating, and for which I desire Letters Patent', is

1. The compound conical nozzle g, constructed with the projecting tubes n and 7c, ,as described, combined with the concentric elastic tubes e andf, as described.

v2. The receiving-tubes a and b, with their projecting tubes c and d, for attaching thereto the elastic tubes, as described.

J. BURROWS HYDE.

In presence of- STEPHEN R. HAINEs, FREDERICK S. THOMAS, Jr. 

